Abstract
In this study, the thermodynamic characteristics of tobacco seeds were investigated, based on experimental data from equilibrium moisture isotherms at desorption. An empirical exponential relationship was found for the decrease of the net isosteric heat and the differential entropy, based on the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, in response to the increase in moisture content; the values of the two parameters varied from 31.09 to 1.46 kJ.mol-1 and from 91.53 to 4.29 J.mol-1.K-1, respectively. The linear relationship between the enthalpy and the entropy in the moisture desoption of tobacco seeds supported the validity of the enthalpy-entropy theory. The value of Gibbs free energy was positive and the harmonic temperature (297.5 K) was lower than the isosteric temperature (339.6 K). The outcomes from the study provide for the deeper insight into the process of moisture desorption of tobacco seeds.
Highlights
Desorption isotherms are an essential element of the analysis and control of different processes related to the preservation, drying, packaging, and blending of food products [1]
A number of studies have validated the applicability of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation for the determination of the heat of sorption of various objects based on the data derived from the integral interpretation of sorption isotherms at different temperature levels [4, 5]
The results are shown in Fig. 1; each straight line approximating the calculated data sets the pattern of the change in the amount of heat necessary for water elimination at a given moisture content
Summary
Desorption isotherms are an essential element of the analysis and control of different processes related to the preservation, drying, packaging, and blending of food products [1]. The thermodynamic properties of various biological objects, i.e. the heat of sorption and the differential entropy, can be characterized on the basis of sorption data analysis [2, 3]. These properties provide important evidence about the mechanism of water sorption and its bonding to the solid skeleton; they are useful for energy valuation in accomplishing the process of drying of various food and agricultural products. Tobacco seeds are nicotine-free and rich in nutritive and bioactive compounds (vitamins, minerals, fiber, protein, glyceride oil, etc.), with a number of benefits in human and animal nutrition [12,13,14]
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