Abstract
Thermodynamic parameters (ΔHex0 and ΔSex0) for the overall extractions of monovalent metal (Na, K, Rb, and Tl) picrates with benzo-18-crown-6 (B18C6), and those (ΔHD,L0 and ΔSD,L0) for the distribution of B18C6 were determined between chloroform and water. All the extracted B18C6 complexes were l:1:1 complexes (B18C6:metal ion: picrate anion). The ΔHex0 and ΔSex0 values for all the metals are negative. Every extraction of the metal picrate with B18C6 is completely enthalpy driven. The ΔHD,L0 and ΔSD,L0 values of B18C6 are both positive, and the partition of B18C6 is entirely entropy driven. Enthalpy (ΔHex,ip0) and entropy changes (ΔSex,ip0) for ion-pair extractions of B18C6-metal ion complexes with picrate anions were calculated. All the ΔHex,ip0 and ΔSex,ip0 values are negative, and the ion-pair extractions are completely enthalpy driven.
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