Abstract
The possibility of determining the modes of organic matter evolution by the chemical composition of modern fields gas phase is considered. The evaluation of thermodynamic methods objectivity in modeling the processes of organic substances destruction and synthesis is carry out. It is shown, that the equilibrium thermodynamics apparatus in combination with the entropy maximization method allows calculating the composition of the «kerogen/gas» system in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. The algorithm of this calculation is based on the formalism of Jaynes, which allows to obtain consistent data with an uncertain composition of the initial system. The influence of geodynamic modes of the Dnieper-Donets depression formation on the main factors that control the organic matter evolution is estimated. Maps of equilibrium temperatures and depths of the region deposits formation are constructed. Regularities of equilibrium temperatures distribution within the Dnieper-Donets rift, depending on its structure are established. It was found, that equilibrium temperatures and depths, which are in a narrow range of values, characterize the deposits, which are located in close proximity to the axis of the rift. The amount of methane formed during the destruction of kerogen during catagenetic transformations was estimated. It was found that the kerogen of the central axial part of the rift has not yet exhausted the gas generation potential; at the same time, some areas on the sides were significantly depleted due to the deep destruction of the kerogen substance.
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