Abstract
The effect of TiO2 and the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on the viscosity, heat capacity, and enthalpy change of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–TiO2 slag at constant heat input was studied. The variation of slag structure was analyzed by the calculation of activation energy and FTIR spectrum measurements. The results showed that the heat capacity and enthalpy change of the slag decreased with the increase of TiO2 content. Under constant heat supply, the fluctuations in slag temperature were relatively apparent, and the temperature of slag increased as the TiO2 content increased. The viscosity of slag decreased due to the increase in slag temperature. Increasing the MgO/Al2O3 ratio could decrease the temperature and viscosity of slag. The effect of increasing the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on the viscosity was more pronounced than the decreasing temperature caused by increasing the MgO/Al2O3 ratio. The apparent activation energy decreased with increasing TiO2 content and MgO/Al2O3 ratio. The Ti–O bonds formed with TiO2 addition, and the Ti–O bonds were weaker than Si–O bonds, which resulted in the decrease in heat capacity and viscosity of slag.
Highlights
The viscosity of slag is a vital factor in blast furnace (BF) smelting and has a pivotal role in gas permeability, BF smooth operation, and reduction of iron oxide [1,2,3,4]
TiO2 had little effect on the decrease in viscosity at experimental temperatures, which is supposed to be due to the intricate network structure that has been depolymerized into simple units under high temperature [14,15]
Zheng et al [16] investigated the effect of TiO2 content (0–30 wt.%) on the viscosity of CaO–SiO2 –TiO2 slag at fixed basicity (C/S = 1.2) and concluded that the TiO2 additions weakened the strength of the silicate network and reduced the viscosity
Summary
The viscosity of slag is a vital factor in blast furnace (BF) smelting and has a pivotal role in gas permeability, BF smooth operation, and reduction of iron oxide [1,2,3,4]. Ores are relatively abundant in China and Australia, and the VTM ores usually contain significant TiO2 [5]. These ores have been used in BF smelting, and as a result the BF slag contains an amount of TiO2. Many steel enterprises adjust the MgO content to improve the fluidity of slag since the high aluminum content of slag increases its viscosity. Both aspects have a great impact on the viscosity and thermal stability of slag
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