Thermodynamic properties of spin-polarized 3He gas in the temperature range 1 mK–4 K from the quantum second virial coefficient

Abstract

The quantum second virial coefficient B[Formula: see text] of 3He[Formula: see text] gas is determined in the temperature range 0.001–4 K from the Beth–Uhlenbeck formula. The corresponding phase shifts are calculated from the Lippmann–Schwinger equation using a highly-accurate matrix-inversion technique. A positive B[Formula: see text] corresponds to an overall repulsive interaction; whereas a negative B[Formula: see text] represents an overall attractive interaction. It is found that in the low-energy limit, B[Formula: see text] tends to increase with increasing spin polarization. The compressibility Z is evaluated as another measure of nonideality of the system. Z becomes most significant at low temperatures and increases with polarization. From the pressure–temperature (P–T) behavior of 3He[Formula: see text] at low T, it is deduced that P decreases with increasing T below 8 mK.