Thermodynamic Properties and Detonation Characterization of 3,3-Dinitroazetidinium Hydrochloride

Abstract

The thermal behavior of 3,3-dinitroazetidinium hydrochloride (DNAZ·HCl) was studied at a nonisothermal condition by differential scanning calorimetric and thermogravimetric/differential thermogravimetric methods. The results show that there is only one intense exothermic decomposition process. Its kinetic parameters of the intense exothermic decomposition process are obtained from analysis of the DSC curves. The apparent activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A), and the mechanism function (f(α)) are 155.72 kJ·mol–1, 1015.84 s–1 and 3α2/3, respectively. The specific heat capacity (Cp) of DNAZ·HCl was determined with a continuous Cp mode of microcalorimeter. The specific molar heat capacity (Cp,m) of DNAZ·HCl was 205.10 J·mol–1·K–1 at 298.15 K. The self-accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT), thermal ignition temperature (TTIT), and critical temperatures of thermal explosion (Tb) were obtained to evaluate the thermal stability and safety of DNAZ·HCl. The detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) of DNAZ·HCl were estimated using the nitrogen equivalent equation according to the experimental density. The stability, safety, and detonation performance of DNAZ·HCl were compared with that of 3,3-dinitroazetidinium 3,5-dinitrosalicylate (DNAZ·HClO4).