Abstract
The nitric acid concentration/sulfuric acid concentration (NAC/SAC) process has been widely used for concentrating dilute aqueous nitric acid and recovering spent sulfuric acid. Dilute nitric acid (65 to 80 wt %) is concentrated using sulfuric acid to bind water and break the nitric acid‐water azeotrope at approximately 68 wt % nitric acid. To support heat and mass balance calculations and process simulation for NAC/SAC processes, we develop a comprehensive thermodynamic model for nitric acid‐sulfuric acid‐water ternary system based on previously published thermodynamic models of nitric acid‐water and sulfuric acid‐water binary systems with eNRTL equation. The ternary system model correlates well the isobaric vapor‐liquid equilibrium data at one atmosphere and the water and nitric acid activities data at 273.15 K for the ternary. Contour plots of boiling points, vapor phase composition, and specific heat capacity of the ternary system, as well as a Merkel enthalpy‐concentration chart are generated for engineering use. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 3110–3117, 2017
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