Abstract
Since the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) stack require a range of auxiliary equipments to maintain operating conditions, it is necessary to consider operation of related components in the design of HT-PEMFC systems. In this paper, a thermodynamic model of a vehicular HT-PEMFC system using phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane is developed. The power distribution and exergy loss of each component are derived according to thermodynamic analysis, where the stack and heat exchanger are the two components with the greatest exergy loss. In addition, ecological functions and improvement potentials are proposed to evaluate the system performance better. On this basis, the effects of stack inlet temperature, pressure, and stoichiometric on system performance are analyzed. The results showed that the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and net output power of the system achieved the maximum when the inlet gases temperature is 406.1 K. The system performance is better when the cathode inlet pressure is relatively low and the anode inlet pressure is relatively high. Moreover, the stoichiometry should be reduced to improve the system output performance on the basis of ensuring sufficient gases reaction in the stack.
Highlights
Academic Editor: FatemehRecently, the demand for energy-efficient and eco-friendly energy systems has been increasing with the growing problems such as depletion of fossil fuels and environmental deterioration [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The HT-Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) stack model developed in this paper is based on HT-PEMFC single cell using PBI membranes, which have been validated in our previous studies [64,65,66]
Different operating parameters of the system have a significant impact on the system performance [51]
Summary
The demand for energy-efficient and eco-friendly energy systems has been increasing with the growing problems such as depletion of fossil fuels and environmental deterioration [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. The simulation results showed that the temperature variation in the stack could be kept within 10 K by optimizing the number of cooling plates, the coolant flow rate and the temperature entering the stack Most of these studies focused on the analysis of fuel cell system components, such as HT-PEMFC stack [46], air compressor [47], hydrogen circulation pump [48] and combinations of very few components of the system [49,50], lacking overall system modeling and performance analysis. Based on the above research background, a complete thermodynamic model of the vehicular HT-PEMFC system is developed in this paper to provide a reference for the future design and optimization of the fuel cell system.
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