Abstract
Compared to normal liquids, water exhibits a variety of anomalous thermal behaviors. This fact has been known for centuries. However, the thermodynamic mechanisms behind them have not been elucidated despite the efforts of many researchers. Under such circumstances, the author theoretically reproduced the measured values of the density-temperature curve at 1 atm for water above 0 ^circ C. Then, the mystery of negative thermal expansion was clarified in relation to the shapes of the intermolecular interactions. In this paper, the author develops this line of work further and presents the interactions between water molecules to simultaneously reproduce the measured values of both the density-temperature curve and the isothermal compressibility-temperature curve in the range -30<T(^circ {mathrm{C}})<100 at 1 atm. Then, the thermodynamic mechanism that produces these thermal behaviors is clarified in relation to the shapes of the interactions between molecules. Unraveling the mystery of related phenomena in relation to the shapes of the interaction between molecules has been a traditional and fundamental method in physics since the days of Newton.
Highlights
We present intermolecular interactions that reproduce experimentally obtained results regarding the ρ–T relation and κ–T relation for water with high accuracy in the range −30 < T(◦C) < 100
The maximum value of the tail of an intermolecular interaction or the diameter of the hard-core jumps up discontinuously at the melting point or freezing point of water. This is a surprising discovery, considering that the ρ–T curve and the κ–T curve are continuously changing at that point
To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Summary
Water exhibits a variety of anomalous thermal behaviors. This fact has been known for centuries. Statistical mechanics techniques and the laws of thermodynamics can be used in this calculation to derive various thermodynamic quantities of matter Whether these thermodynamic quantities can reproduce the measured values for an actual substance is determined by the functional shape of the assumed intermolecular force. The author of this paper studied the thermodynamic properties of water, whose tail potentials consist of three or more Yukawa terms, using the SCOZA He showed that there are innumerable intermolecular interactions that can reproduce the measured values of the water density-temperature curve at 1 atm with high accuracy. The difference between supercooled water and water at 0 ◦ C or higher is explained in relation to the shapes of intermolecular interactions Using his mechanics, during the process of theoretically reproducing Kepler’s observational data, Newton discovered that there is a universal gravitational force between the masses of objects.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
