Abstract
Solid iron based low or medium temperature chemical loop is considered as a possible option of hydrogen storage and production. In the method, hydrogen is produced via iron oxidation with steam, and in the next phase iron oxide is reduced with hydrogen, synthesis gas or methane. In the reduction stage the reaction is terminated when the atmosphere still contains a large fraction of the reducing agent (often over 70 vol.%). In the paper the innovative idea of a double, iron and germanium based, chemical cycle was proposed. The thermodynamic calculations show that the reduction stage in the double iron-germanium cycle is more effective than the classical iron based loop.
Highlights
The wide implementation of the hydrogen economy requires the development of reliable and cost-effective techniques of hydrogen storage and production.[1,2] Iron and iron oxides may be potentially applied in the process of hydrogen production and storage, respectively.[3,4,5,6] The main steps of the process may be presented as follows: Fe + H2O = FeO + H2 (1)FeO + C = Fe + CO (2)In the first step of the process discussed, molten iron reacts with steam and hydrogen is produced
The hydrogen production in steam-iron process has been known since the 19th century, it is considered to be uneconomical nowadays in comparison with hydrogen production in the process of natural gas reforming
The low‐temperature steam-iron process (LTSI) process may be applied in hydrogen production and storage
Summary
In the first step of the process discussed, molten iron reacts with steam and hydrogen is produced (see equation 1). The hydrogen production in steam-iron process has been known since the 19th century, it is considered to be uneconomical nowadays in comparison with hydrogen production in the process of natural gas reforming. At the Ohio State University the innovative method of natural gas conversion with the application of a technology employing the chemical looping was proposed. In this option the iron based oxygen carrier and a novel gas-solid counter-current
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