Thermodynamic and spectroscopic interpretation of molecular interactions of nicotine + alcohol binary mixtures

Abstract

Density ρ, viscosity η and refractive index nD have been experimentally measured for four binary mixtures nicotine+1-butanol, nicotine+2-butanol, nicotine+1,2-propanediol and nicotine+1,3-propanediol over the temperature range T=(293.15–323.15)K with temperature step 5K and at atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes VE, viscosity deviations Δη, deviations in refractive index ΔnD, excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow ΔG∗E, thermal expansion coefficients α, excess thermal expansion coefficients αE, partial molar volumes V‾i, excess partial molar volumes V‾iE and it’s values at infinite dilutions V‾iE,∞ were calculated from experimental data and used to analyze non-ideal behavior of mixtures. Fourier-transform infrared analysis of binary mixtures and corresponding pure components was performed at 298.15K in order to gain insight into the molecular structure of mixtures and possible intermolecular interactions. Performed infra-red analysis confirms the presence of hydrogen bonding between unlike compounds, except for the system nicotine+1-butanol. Here, the non-ideal behavior of mixtures is contributed to strong intermolecular interaction or in the case of nicotine+1-butanol due to geometrical packing or dispersion forces of different species.