Thermodynamic and magnetic properties of the electron gas in the inhomogeneous magnetic field Hr−1

Abstract

The nonrelativistic and relativistic energy eigenvalues of the electron in the inhomogeneous magnetic fieldH z =Hr −1,r=(x 2 +y 2)1/2 are derived in a form displaying the explicit spin dependence. The possibility of magnetic hydrogen atom formation and the spontaneouse + e − pair creation following from these eigenvalues is mentioned. The expressions for pressure, energy, particle number and magnetic moment of an electron gas in this IMF are calculated in the degenerate limit. The possibility of spontaneous magnetisation,i.e., ferromagnetic behaviour, is established. Further, the pressure of the electron gas in the same type of fields is an order of magnitude higher than those in a homogeneous magnetic field and crossed homogeneous electric and magnetic fields for comparable field strengths.