Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics of interacting system formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Abstract

To study the energy-dependent characteristics of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters, based on the framework of a multi-source thermal model, we analyze the soft transverse momentum ([Formula: see text]) spectra of the charged particles ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and p) produced in gold–gold (Au–Au) collisions at the center-of-mass energies [Formula: see text], 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200[Formula: see text]GeV from the STAR Collaboration and in lead–lead (Pb–Pb) collisions at [Formula: see text] and 5.02[Formula: see text]TeV from the ALICE Collaboration. In the rest framework of emission source, the probability density function obeyed by meson momenta satisfies the Bose–Einstein distribution, and that obeyed by baryon momenta satisfies the Fermi–Dirac distribution. To simulate the [Formula: see text] of the charged particles, the kinetic freeze-out temperature T and transverse expansion velocity [Formula: see text] of emission source are introduced into the relativistic ideal gas model. Our results, based on the Monte Carlo method for numerical calculation, show a good agreement with the experimental data. The excitation functions of thermodynamic parameter T and hydrodynamic parameter [Formula: see text] are then obtained from the analyses, which shows an increasing tendency from 7.7[Formula: see text]GeV to 5.02[Formula: see text]TeV in collisions with different centralities.