Abstract
The direction of the research is the thermodynamic analysis of the scheme-cycle designof a heating and cooling machine for an individual house powered by autonomous solar photovoltaic system of providing private consumers with the year-roundheating and cooling in conditions of dry tropical climate. For the analysis, a single-stage compressor refrigerating machine was used, which operates in two modes: refrigeration forair conditioning and heat pump for heating, covering all rooms in the house. Change of the modes is made seasonally or during the day depending on the ambient temperature. The energy efficiency of the refrigerationcycle(“energy” problem) associated with the properties of the working fluid, and cycle size(“transport”problem) associated with the scheme-cycle design, equipment mass and investment costs,were determined. The study used the working fluids R404a, R134a, R410, R290, R600a, R32, which are neither prohibited nor expired. Calculations were performed separately for each mode. The results showed that the R290, R600a working fluids have a high efficiency in both modes, R404A, R410, R32 have the same energy efficiency, differing by no more than 10%, R134a is incompetitivein the heating mode. Among the cyclesizes, R32, R410 have the advantagewith the valueshalf the size of R290, R404A, R600a and R134a are not included in the alternative group. Based on the thermodynamic analysis and monitoring of the market of working fluids, only R32 can be recommended for real projects. A separate thermodynamic analysis of thescheme-cycle designs for CO 2 – the real prospect of refrigeration equipmentwas carried out.
Highlights
Production of artificial cold or heat is part of the technological processes of many technical systems
For refrigerating machines and heat pumps there is a prospect for improvement through the use of the heat of a wide temperature potential of fuel power plants or renewable energy sources and creation of new scheme-cycle designs
Such systems are required for almost 70 percent of the territories of many countries of the world that are nonelectrified and have difficult climatic conditions
Summary
Production of artificial cold or heat is part of the technological processes of many technical systems. World statistics, based on climatic conditions and the level of economic development of different countries, claims that almost 20 percent of electricity consumption goes for cooling (cold production) and heating (heat production) [1]. In this regard, around the world, the specified machines are subject to stringent requirements to saving fuel and energy resources and environmental cleanliness of all types of production. Small-scale trigenerationsystems with different types of autonomous power plants are the most demanded [2] Such systems are required for almost 70 percent of the territories of many countries of the world that are nonelectrified and have difficult climatic conditions. In the current situation, the transition to power-resource-saving technologies with increasing the social standards of human life becomes an especially relevant scientific and practical task
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