Abstract
Thermodynamic theory is applied to study the effect of stress on the polarization of Bi4Ti3O12 films with a two-dimensional model. The spontaneous polarizations and free energies are calculated for three possible kinds of orientations of the Bi4Ti3O12 cell and nine ferroelectric phases in the Bi4Ti3O12 films. The stress effect on the spontaneous polarization caused by the lattice distortion is small and can be neglected for all the stable ferroelectric phases, whereas the domain reorientation induced by the competition between the external stress and a gradient intrinsic stress leads to a significant change of spontaneous polarization in Bi4Ti3O12 films. The calculation result agrees well with the experimental result on Nd-doped Bi4Ti3O12 films.
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