Abstract
A new general thermodynamic mapping of desiccant systems’ performance is conducted to estimate the potentiality and determine the proper application field of the technology. This targets certain room conditions and given outdoor temperature and humidity prior to the selection of the specific desiccant material and technical details of the system configuration. This allows the choice of the operative state of the system to be independent from the limitations of the specific design and working fluid. An expression of the entropy balance suitable for describing the operability of a desiccant system at steady state is obtained by applying a control volume approach, defining sensible and latent effectiveness parameters, and assuming ideal gas behaviour of the air-vapour mixture. This formulation, together with mass and energy balances, is used to conduct a general screening of the system performance. The theoretical advantage and limitation of desiccant dehumidification air conditioning, maximum efficiency for given conditions constraints, least irreversible configuration for a given operative target, and characteristics of the system for a target efficiency can be obtained from this thermodynamic mapping. Once the thermo-physical properties and the thermodynamic equilibrium relationship of the liquid desiccant mixture or solid coating material are known, this method can be applied to a specific technical case to select the most appropriate working medium and guide the specific system design to achieve the target performance.
Highlights
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to enthalpy recovery, in which both the sensible and the latent heat are involved
Devices which simultaneously transfer heat and mass are commonly used in the power and Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration (HVAC&R)
There are up to 1018 different kinds of Ionic Liquids, as a result of the combination of different anions and cations. This opens up to new possibilities in terms of optimised system design, where the structure is adapted to load, condition, and volume constraints, and the most suitable working fluid development can contribute in maximising the transfer performance for achieving energy savings of higher orders of magnitude
Summary
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to enthalpy recovery, in which both the sensible and the latent heat are involved. There are up to 1018 different kinds of Ionic Liquids, as a result of the combination of different anions and cations This opens up to new possibilities in terms of optimised system design, where the structure is adapted to load, condition, and volume constraints, and the most suitable working fluid development can contribute in maximising the transfer performance for achieving energy savings of higher orders of magnitude. This technical progress demands for a renovated theoretical basis able to cover the enlarged applicability field of this technology. A graphical analysis, based on data from literature, is carried out to illustrate the use of this thermodynamic criterion for desiccant systems
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