Abstract
The utilization of low-cost biogas in stand-alone phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs) offers a great potential for electric power generation. Digester biogas is processed via steam reformation and water-gas shift to generate H 2-rich gas for feeding the PAFC anodes. In this paper, the thermodynamics of steam reformation, shift and carbon deposition as a function of temperature are compared for a typical digester biogas feed (60% CH 4, 40% CO 2) and a pure methane feed. Equilibrium calculations are performed with identical steam-hydrocarbon ratios (1.54) for the two feeds at a total system pressure of 1 atm (0.1 MPa). The effect of CO 2 present in biogas on CH 4-conversion, H 2-yield and CO-content of the anode feed gas has been analysed. On this basis, optimum reformation and shift conditions for biogas feed have been identified. Threshold steam-hydrocarbon feed ratios for preventing carbon deposition in the reformer, shift converters and PAFC anodes have also been determined.
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