Abstract
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a promising energy storage technology in consuming renewable energy and electricity grid management. In the baseline LAES (B-LAES), the compression heat is only utilized in heating the inlet air of turbines, and a large amount of compression heat is surplus, leading to a low round-trip efficiency (RTE). In this paper, an integrated energy system based on LAES and the Kalina cycle (KC), called KC-LAES, is proposed and analyzed. In the proposed system, the surplus compression heat is utilized to drive a KC system to generate additional electricity in the discharging process. An energetic model is developed to evaluate the performance of the KC and the KC-LAES. In the analysis of the KC subsystem, the calculation results show that the evaporating temperature has less influence on the performance of the KC-LAES system than the B-LAES system, and the optimal working fluid concentration and operating pressure are 85% and 12 MPa, respectively. For the KC-LAES, the calculation results indicate that the introduction of the KC notably improves the compression heat utilization ratio of the LAES, thereby improving the RTE. With a liquefaction pressure value of eight MPa and an expansion pressure value of four MPa, the RTE of the KC-LAES is 57.18%, while that of the B-LAES is 52.16%.
Highlights
Large-scale energy storage is an effective solution for improving and expanding renewable energy systems
Before flowing into the Kalina cycle (KC) evaporator (KEVA), the basic concentration ammonia–water (BCAW) is gradually heated by the exhausted gas in the KC regenerator (KR) and the low-concentration ammonia–water (LCAW) in the KC preheater (KPH)
As γLIQ decreases, the compression heat utilized in the liquid air energy storage (LAES) decreases, and the part utilized in the KC subsystem correspondingly increases, leading to an increase in WKT, as shown in the figure
Summary
Large-scale energy storage is an effective solution for improving and expanding renewable energy systems. Apart from PHES and CAES, another promising solution for large-scale energy storage is liquid air energy storage (LAES), which has the notable advantages of high energy-storage density and no geological constraints. Howe et al [9] presented an energy and exergy analysis for a combined building-scale LAES system Their analytical approach can be applied to other LAES configurations to identify optimal operating parameters. In the study of integrated LAES systems, Li et al [11] proposed a hybrid system, integrating LAES with nuclear power plants and obtaining a high RTE of 70%. In order to further improve the RTE of LAES, Tafone et al [17,18] studied and compared different integrated LAES systems consisting of an ORC and an absorption chiller. The calculation results of the KC-LAES with typical operating parameters are presented and discussed
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