Abstract
The main methods of treating oily sludge at home and abroad and the current research status of oily sludge pyrolysis technology are briefly described, and four commonly used catalysts are introduced: metals, metal compounds, molecular sieves, metal-supported molecular sieves, and biomass catalysts for oily sludge. The influence of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis mechanism, and the product composition of oily sludge with the addition of different catalysts are also discussed. Finally, the development direction of preparing new catalysts and the mixed use of multiple catalysts is proposed as a theory to provide for the efficient and reasonable utilization of oily sludge.
Highlights
Crude oil is the blood of industry and an important strategic resource in the development of the national economy
The oil oily sludge is inevitably produced during the storage, transportation, and refining development process of the entire petroleum industry
The oil content of oily sludge is between 10% and 50%, and the water content is between 40% and 90%, accompanied by a certain amount of solids
Summary
Domestic and foreign methods for treating oily sludge include thermochemical cleaning technology, solvent extraction technology, and biological treatment technology. The solvent extraction method has a higher oil recovery rate, thorough treatment of oily sludge, lower extraction temperature, energy saving, and mild operating conditions, and the extraction agent does not need to be regenerated. It is a clean, economical, and effective oily pollution. Traditional oily sludge treatment methods include landfill, composting, and incineration, which occupy a large area, are costly, and are likely to cause secondary pollution. Pyrolysis is gradually being valued and widely used due to its fast processing, good effect, and availability of residues
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