Thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass - olive pomace - into activated biocarbon for CO2 adsorption

Abstract

This study aims to produce three kinds of activated biocarbon prepared from lignocellulosic biomass - olive pomace – by thermochemical treatment by steam, K 2 CO 3 , and simultaneous steam and K 2 CO 3 at the temperature of 600 °C. The characterization of the activated biocarbon samples was carried out via several instrumental techniques such as TGA, XRD, FTIR, Raman, and N 2 sorption at the temperature of 77 K. The values of the specific surface area, of the prepared activated carbons, determined by means of N 2 adsorption measurements were between 5 and 600 m 2 /g. The CO 2 adsorption equal to 2.63 mmol/g at the pressure of 1 bar and the temperature of 0 °C was achieved. The activated biocarbons produced from olive pomace by combined physical and chemical activation showed considerable promise for flue gas carbon capture applications. The values of adsorption at 0.15 bar were more than 50 % of adsorption at 1 bar pressure for all investigated activated carbons. High selectivity of CO2 over N 2 equal to 29 was achieved for the gas composition of 15 % v/v CO 2 and 75 % v/v N 2 . For CO 2 adsorption the small pore volume (diameter ≤0.79 nm for 1 bar and diameter ≤ 0.55 nm for 0.15 bar) at the temperature of 0 °C was crucial and the chemistry of the surface is not very important. • Three kinds of porous activated biocarbons are prepared for CO 2 adsorption. • Activation method affects the surface properties. • Textural properties are the most important for CO 2 adsorption. • CO 2 adsorption capacity is regardless of the particle size of the biocarbon. • Olive pomace biomass shows good prospects for porous carbons development.