Abstract

Two species of unicellular, eukaryotic, thermoacidophilic algae were found near the acid hot springs of North and Central America. One species has a cell diameter that ranges from 1.5 to 5 μm, contains one mitochondrion and one cup-shaped chloroplast bounded by a single membrane, lacks vacuoles, and multiplies by always forming four autospores. The other species has cells with diameters from 2 to 8 μm, contains numerous mitochondria and one cup-shaped chloroplast also bounded by a single membrane but with a different thylakoid configuration, a vacuolar system, and multiplies by forming 4, 8, 16, or 32 autospores. The species have been identified as Cyanidium caldarium and Protococcus sulphurarius, respectively. The latter species, however, may not belong in genus Protococcus.

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