Thermo Physical and Spectroscopic Properties of Binary Liquid Systems: Ethanoic Acid/Propanoic Acid/Butanoic Acid with 2-Methylaniline

Abstract

Densities (ρ), speeds of sound (u), and viscosities (η) are reported for binary mixtures of 2-methylaniline with carboxylic acids (ethanoic acid, propanoic acid and butanoic acid) over the entire composition range of mole fraction at T = (303.15–318.15) K and at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa). The excess properties such as excess molar volume (V m E ), excess isentropic compressibility (κ E ) and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow (G*E) are calculated from the experimental densities, speeds of sound and viscosities. Excess properties are correlated using the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The partial molar volumes, $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,1}} $$ and $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,2}} $$ , partial molar isentropic compressibilities, $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,1}} $$ and $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,2}} $$ , excess partial molar volumes, $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,1}}^{\text{E}} $$ and $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,2}}^{\text{E}} $$ , and excess partial molar isentropic compressibilities, $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,1}}^{\text{E}} $$ and $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,2}}^{\text{E}} $$ , over whole composition range, partial molar volumes, $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,1}}^{ \circ } $$ and $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,2}}^{ \circ } $$ , partial molar isentropic compressibilities, $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,1}}^{ \circ } $$ and $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,2}}^{ \circ } $$ , excess partial molar volumes, $$ \bar{V}_{\text{m,1}}^{{ \circ {\text{E}}}} $$ and $$ \bar{V}_{{{\text{m}},2}}^{{ \circ {\text{E}}}} $$ , and excess partial molar isentropic compressibilities, $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,1}}^{{ \circ {\text{E}}}} $$ and $$ \bar{K}_{\text{s,m,2}}^{{ \circ {\text{E}}}} $$ , of the components at infinite dilution have also been calculated from the analytically obtained Redlich–Kister polynomials. The excess molar volume VE results are analyzed using the Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory. Analysis of each of the three contributions viz. interactional VE(int.), free volume VE(fv.) and characteristic pressure p* to VE showed that the interactional contributions are positive for all systems while the free volume and characteristic pressure p* contributions are negative for all the binary mixtures. The results are analyzed in terms of attractive forces between 2-methylaniline and carboxylic acids molecules. Good agreement is obtained between excess quantities and spectroscopic data.