Abstract
The results of the study of joint pyrolysis of various types of waste (municipal solid waste, plastic waste, etc.) are presented. Preliminarily crushed and dried wastes were fed into the pyrolysis chamber of the model experimental setup. Thermal energy required for heating raw materials and carrying out their thermal destruction was obtained by burning a part of the pyrolysis gases. The rest of these gases were removed from the pyrolysis chamber and cooled. The temperature in the pyrolysis zone was about 650 °C. Plant productivity was up to 500 kg/h. The target product was the liquid phase, which is a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds. When organizing the processes, the yield of solid carbon residue was minimized. The obtained mass ratio of the final gas/liquid products was approximately equal to 1/6. Experimental results of the analysis of the chemical composition of the gas and liquid fractions are presented. The results of modeling the combustion of pyrolysis products at different amounts of supplied air are also shown. The operating parameters at which the optimum temperature level in the pyrolysis zone is maintained are numerically determined and recommended.
Highlights
Waste disposal is one of the global challenges of our time, as constantly increasing waste amounts have severely negative impacts on the environment
The heat energy obtained during combustion in the chamber 2 is used to maintain the required temperature level in the pyrolysis chamber 1
In the condensed phase of pyrolysis products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were present in the greatest amounts (~ 82 wt. %)
Summary
Waste disposal is one of the global challenges of our time, as constantly increasing waste amounts have severely negative impacts on the environment. The most promising methods include thermal processing: pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion. The products include carbonaceous solid residue, a liquid mixture of complex hydrocarbons, and relatively small amounts of a noncondensable gas phase. The quantitative yield of a certain product depends on the heating rate of the starting materials, the residence time in the reaction volume, and the pressure values during the conversion process. The pyrolysis products have a higher energy value than the starting materials, and when burned, they can provide higher temperatures of the combustion products than when burning the starting material. Liquid pyrolysis products are used as an alternative fuel. Their practical importance as raw materials in chemical technologies is obvious
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