Thermo-acoustic, spectroscopic, and electrochemical investigation of sparfloxacin–ionic surfactant interactions

Abstract

The rising antibiotic resistance crisis poses a severe threat in the medicinal field and thus, underlines an urgent need for developing new and more effective antibiotics to overcome this crisis. However, one of the significant challenges in developing more effective antibiotics that can diffuse passively across the biomembranes is the limited understanding of their physicochemical interactions with these membranes. There has been a recent renaissance of interest in using surfactant systems as potential model biomembranes to correlate the physicochemical interactions of pharmaceutical drugs and biomolecules with the cell membranes at the molecular level. In this study, the effect of adding a cationic surfactant, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), and an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), to a solution containing sparfloxacin (SPRF), a fluoroquinolone drug, was investigated using volumetric and acoustic measurements under physiological conditions (phosphate buffer, pH 7.4) over a temperature range (298.15 to 313.15 K) at an interval of 5 K. The obtained density and sound velocity data were used to compute and interpret various volumetric and acoustic parameters based on cosphere overlap model and electrostriction effect for comprehension of solute–solute and solute–solvent interactions prevailing in these systems. The parameters, partitioning and binding coefficients of SPRF with ionic surfactants, are measured employing UV–visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The results revealed that SPRF shows more significant partitioning and binding with SDS micelles than with DTAB micelles.