Abstract
Mode multiplexers are essential components in space/mode division multiplexing. A thermally expanded two-core-fiber-based mode multiplexer/demultiplexer design is proposed, which multiplexes the ${\rm LP}_{01} $LP01 and $ {\rm LP}_{11} $LP11 modes of a two-mode fiber. The extinction ratio of the proposed mode multiplexer is higher than 30 dB over the entire C-band. We extend this design to a three-core-fiber structure that can multiplex/demultiplex both $ {\rm LP}_{11a} $LP11a and $ {\rm LP}_{11b} $LP11b spatial modes. The extinction ratio of the three-core device is found to be more than 23 dB. The same device can work as a $ {\rm LP}_{11} $LP11 filter and $ {\rm LP}_{11} $LP11 tap coupler easily by changing either the core expansion or the scan length.
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