Abstract
One of the promising approaches to reducing the energy consumption in the thermal distillation of liquid toxic waste is the use of immersion combustion units with the efficiency of more than 100 % relative to the lower calorific value. The development of the method of LTW thermal distillation (evaporation) in volume by means of immersion combustion units will allow wide application of the technology in the industry. The energy-efficient technological system based on deep thermal evaporation in the ICU is developed. It is shown that the developed EETS has improved characteristics in comparison with the existing thermal treatment systems. The proposed solutions allow simplifying the vat residue processing after the LTW treatment process. The final product of thermal distillation of toxic waste is a dry residue that does not require repeated or additional processing. As an efficiency indicator of the LTW distillation complex, it is proposed to use the density of evaporated effluents. The paper proposes to use the vibration method of density control with simultaneous measurement of density and viscosity of controlled LTW. The structure of the automatic density control scheme allows compensating for a decrease in the resonator quality factor due to the damping of its vibrations by a viscous medium
Highlights
Liquid toxic waste (LTW) accounts for 30 to 50 % of the total amount of wastewater entering the basins of Ukraine [1]
The basis for the design was the liquid radioactive waste (LRW) thermal treatment plant based on the immersion combustion units (ICU)
During the evaporation in the ICU, the end products remained liquid at ρ=1.3–2.0 g/cm3 and the salt content of 1,300–2.000 g/l of the product, which is almost 2 times higher than evaporation indices of the devices used in the practice of salt LRW processing (650 g/l)
Summary
Liquid toxic waste (LTW) accounts for 30 to 50 % of the total amount of wastewater entering the basins of Ukraine [1]. Development of nuclear power and extension of the scope of radioactive isotopes in various fields of science and technology are associated with pollution of natural waters with radioactive waste. Ecology waters are characterized by a variety of radioactive elements contained in them. Up to 1 km of liquid toxic wastewater containing 50 thousand tons of heavy metals, 100 thousand tons of acids and alkalis (waste of etching and electroplating departments and production units of various industries) is annually released into the environment [2]. Minimization of the volume and activity of waste due to improvement of energy-efficient treatment technologies is one of the urgent tasks in environmental protection
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