Thermal transport analysis for ternary hybrid nanomaterial flow subject to radiation and convective condition

Abstract

Ternary nanomaterials are now recognized as useful not only for thermal efficiency importance but also to enhance physical characteristics of liquids. Insertion of three nanoparticles in base liquid is characterized as ternary hybrid nanomaterial. Such materials have better magnet properties, electrical conducting and mechanical resistance. Here we discuss three-dimensional magnetized stretched flow of ternary nanofluid through porous space is addressed. Porous space is scrutinized by Darcy-Forchheimer relation. Convective condition is imposed. Nanoparticles here include copper, polyphenol coated and aluminum oxide and water as conventional liquid. Energy equation consists of radiation, magnetohydrodynamics, dissipation and heat generation. Resulting dimensionless system is computed by Newton built in-shooting technique. Outcomes of velocity, temperature, skin friction and Nusselt number for emerging parameters of interest are organized. Comparison of results for ternary nanofluid (CoFe2O3+Cu+Al2O3/H2O), hybrid (CoFe2O3+Cu/H2O) and nanofluid (CoFe2O3/H2O) is examined. It is found that temperature and velocity against Hartman number have reverse trends. Temperature and Nusselt number for radiation have increasing features. Similar characteristics for temperature through heat generation and Eckert number is noticed. Larger thermal Biot number corresponds to rise the Nusselt number and temperature. An increase in temperature through Forchheimer number is witnessed while reverse trend holds for velocity.