Abstract
This article reports a successful removal of CaCO3 from snail and periwinkle shells for the purpose of producing high quality chitin for possible application as bio-fillers in bone fixation materials. Experiment was designed with varying concentrations of acid and alkali for demineralization, deproteinization and deacetylation of the samples. Thermal characteristics, morphology, degree of de-acetylation, crystalline structure and hydrogen bonding characteristics of the extracted chitin were examined. Infra-red spectra, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction patterns show that demineralization with 1.7 M HCl led to a successful removal of CaCO3. Subsequent deproteinization and deacetylation with 1.2 M NaOH led to a development of chitosan having a degree of deacetylation of 77 and 60% for periwinkle and snail shells, respectively. Generally, all results show that different treatments led to different chitin structure and consequently different properties.
Highlights
Waste materials from food processing which occur in large quantities can lead to environmental and human health problems (Hamed et al 2016)
Subsequent deproteinization and deacetylation with 1.2 M NaOH led to a development of chitosan having a degree of deacetylation of 77 and 60% for periwinkle and snail shells, respectively
Chitin has been extracted from periwinkle and snail shells using varying concentrations of acid and alkali
Summary
Waste materials from food processing which occur in large quantities can lead to environmental and human health problems (Hamed et al 2016). Periwinkle and snail shells wastes like other Crustaceans and Molluscs contain some amounts of chitin (Maruthiah and Palavesam 2017; Rasti et al 2017; Ramasamy et al 2017; Hamdi et al 2017; Ehrlich et al 2017). This chitin can be extracted and used for applications such as cosmetics, preservatives (Farajzadeh et al 2016), surgical sutures (Usman et al 2016), bio-composites (Petrenko et al 2017), papermaking, water purification (Al-Manhel et al 2016), photography (Muzzarelli 1997), metal uptake from wastewater (Nair and Madhavan 1984; Peniche-Covas et al 1992) and solid-state batteries (Arof et al 1995). These shells have been reported (Isa et al 2012) to contain very high amount of CaCO3 and this makes it difficult to obtain high purity chitin derivative from them
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
