Abstract
In the study, agricultural waste bagasse was used as a bio-based flame retardant for reducing the flammability of epoxy. Specifically, an interpenetrating network (IPN) was formed through a ring opening reaction between the hydroxyl functional group of bagasse and the epoxy group of triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC), forming Bagasse@TGIC. Next, 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) was mixed with Bagasse@TGIC, inducing a reaction between the active hydrogen of DOPO and the epoxy group of TGIC, ultimately forming Bagasse@TGIC@DOPO with an IPN structure. Finally, the novel flame retardant was added to epoxy to create a composite. The integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT) of pure epoxy is 619 °C; after the introduction of the 30 wt% flame retardant, the IPDT of the resultant composite material increased to 799 °C, greatly increasing the thermal stability by 29%. After the addition of the Bagasse@TGIC@DOPO flame retardant, the limiting oxygen index increased from 21% for the pure epoxy to 29% for the composite, and the UL-94 rating improved from failing rating for the pure epoxy and V-0 rating for the composite. The Raman spectrum indicated that the addition of Bagasse@TGIC@DOPO IPN substantially increased the biochar yield during the burning process, increasing thermal stability. These results confirmed that the epoxy/Bagasse@TGIC@DOPO composite had substantial flame retarding effects.
Highlights
Accepted: 1 September 2021Epoxy (EP) is a common thermosetting material that is critical for various industries.This resin has excellent adhesiveness and chemical stability, is nonconductive, and has a low shrinkage rate
Raman spectrum indicated that the addition of Bagasse@triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC)@dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) interpenetrating network (IPN) substantially increased the biochar yield during the burning process, increasing thermal stability. These results confirmed that the epoxy/Bagasse@TGIC@DOPO composite had substantial flame retarding effects
IPN 5%of thermal degradation, we can prove that the new flame retardant can significantly
Summary
Epoxy (EP) is a common thermosetting material that is critical for various industries. This resin has excellent adhesiveness and chemical stability, is nonconductive, and has a low shrinkage rate. It is commonly used in coating materials, paint, adhesives, insulation materials, aeronautical equipment, electrical equipment, and environmental applications [1,2]. The flame retardant effect of halogen flame retardants is very good. Flame retardants can achieve a good fire prevention effect. The potential health and environmental hazards of halogen flame retardants have resulted in the restriction of their use. The development of an ecologically friendly, halogen free flame retardant for epoxy is paramount [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
