Abstract
Selective withdrawal is an effective strategy to alleviate the adverse impact of reservoir construction on the downstream thermal regime. However, most studies mainly focus on the water temperature improvement effect of a single reservoir, while few studies focus on the impact of selective withdrawal of upstream cascade reservoirs on downstream reservoirs. This study combined measured data and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model (CE-QUAL-W2) to analyze the response of the downstream reservoir to selective withdrawal of the upstream reservoir in the operation mode of cascade reservoirs. The purpose of this study was to optimize reservoir operation to minimize the impact of cold water and satisfy the water temperature requirements of downstream fish spawning and breeding. The results indicated that the proposed index of the response to selective withdrawal (IRSW) could reflect the response of the downstream reservoir to selective withdrawal of the upstream reservoir. There existed a statistically significant positive correlation between the improvement in the withdrawal water temperature (WWT) in the Xiangjiaba Reservoir and the IRSW value (R = 0.9257, P < 0.05). The impact of the Xiangjiaba Reservoir on the incoming water temperature during the selective withdrawal period of the upstream reservoir imposed a negative superposition effect, and the selective withdrawal effect of the upstream reservoir could be maintained at 87.0%. The negative superimposition effect could be alleviated via independent operation of the upper water intake and maintenance of a low water level, and the IRSW could be increased by 6.6% and 10.4%, respectively, compared to that under the designed scenario, which could even approach the equilibrium effect (100%) and could be helpful to improve the WWT. This study provided a helpful reference for the evaluation of selective withdrawal and reservoir management in similar cascade reservoirs.
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