Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A in ultrafiltered milk as related to the effect of different milk components.

Abstract

Pasteurization parameters for grade A milk are well established and set by regulation. However, as solids levels increase, an increased amount of heat is required to destroy any pathogens present. This effect is not well characterized. In this work, the effect of increased dairy solids levels on the thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes was examined through the use of ultrafiltered (UF) milk, reconstituted milk powder, and the milk components lactose and caseinate. From the results obtained, lactose and caseinate did not appear to affect thermal resistance. In addition, the level of milk fat, up to 10% of the total solids in UF whole milk, did not result in statistically significant changes to thermal resistance when compared with UF skim milk. Reconstituted skim milk powder at 27% total solids (D⁶²-value = 1.16 ± 0.2 [SD] min, z = 5.7) did result in increased thermal resistance, as compared with reconstituted skim milk powder at 17.5% (D⁶²-value = 0.86 ± 0.02 min, z = 5.57) and UF whole milk at 27% total solids (D⁶²-value = 0.66 ± 0.07 min, z = 5.16). However, that increase appeared to be due to the increase in salt levels, not to increases in caseinate, fat, or lactose. Consequently, total solids, as a single measure, could not be used to predict increased thermal resistance of L. monocytogenes in concentrated milk.