Abstract
The thermal requirements for development of Dermanyssus gallinae were studied under laboratory conditions at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C, a 12h photoperiod and 60-85% RH. The thermal requirements for D. gallinae were as follows. Preoviposition: base temperature 3.4 degrees C, thermal constant (k) 562.85 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R(2)) 0.59, regression equation: Y= -0.006035 + 0.001777x. Egg: base temperature 10.60 degrees C, thermal constant (k) 689.65 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R(2)) 0.94, regression equation: Y= -0.015367 + 0.001450x. Larva: base temperature 9.82 degrees C, thermal constant (k) 464.91 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R(2)) 0.87, regression equation: Y= -0.021123 + 0.002151x. Protonymph: base temperature 10.17 degrees C, thermal constant (k) 504.49 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R(2)) 0.90, regression equation: Y= -0.020152 + 0.001982x. Deutonymph: base temperature 11.80 degrees C, thermal constant (k) 501.11 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R(2)) 0.99, regression equation: Y= -0.023555 + 0.001996x. The results obtained showed that 15 to 42 generations of Dermanyssus gallinae may occur during the year in the State of São Paulo, as estimated based on isotherm charts. Dermanyssus gallinae may develop continually in the State of São Paulo, with a population decrease in the winter. There were differences between the developmental stages of D. gallinae in relation to thermal requirements.
Highlights
Dermanyssus gallinae is the most serious ectoparasites of poultry in the State of São Paulo, Brazil (TUCCI et al, 1997)
Mainly in agriculture, have been developed in order to understand the biology of pests. The results of these studies, in degree-days, have aided the development of models, which have been used in Integrated Pest Management programs, so as to predict the occurrence of population peaks under field conditions, and determine the most adequate period for sampling and control measures, providing a better understanding about population dynamics of pest insects and their natural enemies (WEST; LAING, 1984; HIGLEY et al, 1986; MILLER, 1992)
Mites were collected from a commercial poultry farm with caged laying hens naturally infested by D. gallinae, located in Ibiuna (S 23°39’20’’; W 047°13’30’’), State of São Paulo
Summary
Dermanyssus gallinae is the most serious ectoparasites of poultry in the State of São Paulo, Brazil (TUCCI et al, 1997). It is known as Chicken Mite or Poultry Red Mite and is hematophagous, widely distributed, being more abundant in the tropics (LANCASTER JR.; MEISH, 1986). Mainly in agriculture, have been developed in order to understand the biology of pests The results of these studies, in degree-days, have aided the development of models, which have been used in Integrated Pest Management programs, so as to predict the occurrence of population peaks under field conditions, and determine the most adequate period for sampling and control measures, providing a better understanding about population dynamics of pest insects and their natural enemies (WEST; LAING, 1984; HIGLEY et al, 1986; MILLER, 1992)
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