Abstract
We consider a two-component interacting bosonic condensate with dominating intra-species repulsive density–density interactions. We study the phase diagram of the system at finite temperature with rotation, using large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of a two-component Ginzburg–Landau model of the system. In the presence of rotation, the system features a competition between long-range vortex–vortex interactions and short-range density–density interactions. This leads to a rotation-driven ‘mixing’ phase transition in a spatially inhomogeneous state with a broken symmetry. Thermal fluctuations in this state lead to nematic two-component sheets of vortex liquids. At sufficiently strong inter-component interaction, we find that the superfluid and phase transitions split. This results in the formation of an intermediate state which breaks only symmetry. It represents two phase separated normal fluids with a difference in their densities.
Highlights
Multi-component phase-coherent condensates, such as multi-component superconductors and Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), have proven to be a rich ground for exploring quantum phenomena in condensed matter physics
We focus on homonuclear condensates with several components in different hyperfine states, i.e. mi = m" i
We have considered the states of a two-component BEC in the situation where inter-component density–density interactions dominate the intra-component density–density interactions
Summary
Multi-component phase-coherent condensates, such as multi-component superconductors and Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), have proven to be a rich ground for exploring quantum phenomena in condensed matter physics. By using crossed lasers, one may set up lattice model systems with a vast combinations of intersite hopping matrix elements, as well as intrasite interactions, both intra- and interspecies [5,6,7,8,9,10] This means that these model systems, apart from being interesting in their own right, emulate various aspects of a plethora of condensed matter systems of great current interest, such as multicomponent superconductors, Mott-insulators, and even topologically nontrivial band insulators. Previous works have studied the effect of an inter-component density–density interaction on the rotation-induced non-homogeneous ground states These works were mostly limited to two spatial dimensions solving the Gross–Pitaevskii groundstate equations [14,15,16, 19,20,21,22,23,24,25], certain aspects of the three-dimensional case were studied at the mean-field level [15, 24]. We consider the case of three dimensions, taking fully into account the thermal density- and phase-fluctuation of the condensate ordering fields
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