Abstract
Lymphocytes use extensive vascular networks to traffic to various destinations in the body, includinglymphoid organs and extra-lymphoid tissues. This discussion will focus on the emerging evidencethat thermal stress regulates the traffic signals that direct the exit of lymphocytes from the vascularfreeway. This issue is particularly relevant to T cell-based cancer immunotherapy where delivery ofimmune effector lymphocytes to neoplastic lesions depends on their extravasation across tumourmicro-vessels. Although tumours are frequently highly vascularized by vessels that are competentto support blood flow, the tumour micro-environment has been characterized as non-permissiveto lymphocyte extravasation. This may lead to a scenario where limited leukocyte infiltration attumour sites correlates with a poor prognosis. These observations support the thesis that adjuvantstrategies that promote trafficking of tumour-reactive cytolytic leukocytes to tumour sites have thepotential to improve the efficacy of immune-based cancer therapy.
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