Abstract
Thermal reactivation with CO 2 or NH 3 at temperatures higher than 700 °C effectively restored the perchlorate adsorption capacity of ammonia-tailored carbon. In contrast, steam regeneration restored only a portion of the perchlorate adsorption capacity, and these distinctions were attributed to the change in surface chemistry that was induced by regeneration. After perchlorate loading, regenerating the ammonia-tailored GAC via CO 2 or NH 3 preserved the nitrogen content and positive surface charge density of the initial ammonia-tailored activated carbon. In contrast, steam regeneration caused a decrease in nitrogen content and positive surface charge. Perchlorate breakthrough was monitored in rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) operations with either CO 2 or NH 3 regeneration. 4000–4500 bed volumes of perchlorate adsorption life could be achieved through at least three cycles of RSSCT operation and regeneration. This compared favorably to the 4500 bed volumes that had been achieved when using the initial ammonia-tailored carbon.
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