Abstract
Currently, the production of green building materials grows up. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based plaster have better fire resistance properties compared to Portland cement-based concrete and plasters. Compared to Portland cement-based systems AAMs retain a significant level of structural stability after exposure to fire events. AAM based concrete doesn’t have at all or has an insignificant amount of calcium hydroxide in the binder structure which exposed to high-temperature changes to calcium oxide. This weakens Portland cement structural properties and allows cracks to appear under high-temperature conditions. This study shows that AAM based plaster that consisted of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (slag) with the addition of Phosphogypsum (PG), sand and polypropylene fibre filling exposed to 1000 °C temperature shows up to 2% longitudinal dimension shrinkage. After exposure of elevated temperature these fibers melted leaving a network of channels that allow water vapour vaporize and inner pressure in the material decreased. The start of the wood surface charring process tch is 10 minutes after the start of heating. Using an AAM binder as fire-resistant plaster coating on a wooden structure delays the start of the char layer forming on the wood surface. This allows using AAMs base plaster for fire-resistant coatings on combustible materials as the barrier layer in order to increase the passive safety of wooden structures in heritage buildings.
Highlights
The wood burning process has been extensively studied, but due to the uneven properties of the wood structure, the carbon layer on the wood surface and the rate of charring in the fire may vary
A number of studies have shown that hardened activated materials (AAMs) products have properties that improve the fire and a heat resistance of this material compared to Portland cement concrete[8,9,10,11,12]
AAMs have molecular network of chains of minerals linked by covalent bonds, and their chemical composition is similar to zeolites, but AAMs have a more amorphous microstructure
Summary
In order to determine the peculiarities of plastered wood at evaluated temperatures, a special one-sided heating chamber was used according to sources[19,20]. This equipment can simulate the one-sided heating of the test sample from 20 °C to 950 °C. The principle of the experiment is to heat the specimen from one side to the other, as stipulated in the standard LST EN 1363 - 1: 2012 according to the temperature-time dependence -T. According to the XRD diffraction pattern in alkali activated slag without PG (S0) and with 5% of PG these crystalline components portlandite, quartz, calcite, calcium aluminum silicate hydrate hydrotalcite and calcium silicate hydrate were detected (Fig. 4). The composition of the mixtures varies in the amount of sand filler in the mixture
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