Abstract
For the purpose to facilitate development of high-speed Spindle Units (SUs) running on rolling bearings, we have developed a beam element model, algorithms, and software for computer analysis of thermal characteristics of SUs. The thermal model incorporates a model of heat generation in rolling bearings, a model of heat transfer from bearings, and models for estimation of temperature and temperature deformations of SU elements. We have carried out experimental test and made quantitative evaluation of the effect of operation conditions on friction and thermal characteristics of the SUs of grinding and turning machines of typical structures. It is found that the operation conditions make stronger effect on SU temperatures when rpm increases. A comparison between the results of analysis and experiment proves their good mutual correspondence and allows us to recommend application of the models and software developed for design and research of high-speed SUs running on rolling bearings.
Highlights
Spindle Units (SUs) thermal properties, besides the accuracy of rotation and static and dynamic stiffness, strongly affect the accuracy of machine tool
Having a purpose to improve quality of designing of high-speed SUs on rolling bearings, we have developed a SU thermal model, which is one element of a SU complex model
The thermal model incorporates a model of heat generation in bearings, a model of heat transfer from bearings, and the models for evaluation of temperature and temperature deformations of SU elements
Summary
SU thermal properties, besides the accuracy of rotation and static and dynamic stiffness, strongly affect the accuracy of machine tool. The standard complexes based on application of Finite Element Method (FEM) facilitate simulation of SU geometry, but give no opportunity to consider specific peculiarities of SU structures (the type of bearing preloading) and conditions of operation (dependencies of SU heat transfer on rpm and temperature, viscosity of bearings’ lubricant on temperature, etc.). That is why, following the purpose to increase quality and efficiency of SU design process at early stage, we develop a thermal model of SU and specialized software intended for numerical express-evaluation of frictional and thermal characteristics of high-speed SUs in accounting for their structural and functional peculiarities [2]. We obtain the numerical evaluations of the effect of operation parameters (rpm, external load, bearing preloads, parameters of lubricant, and heat transfer) on the friction and thermal characteristics of high-speed SUs of grinding and turning machines.
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