Abstract
As an extension of conventional gradient, anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient has a superior modal modification ability on composite laminates embedded with pre-strained shape memory alloys (SMA) wires, which is beneficial to suppress modal resonance of composite laminates in the thermal environment. This paper presents an anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient model of SMA along the thickness direction. That is, the gradient model of SMA wires’ orientation and the positive and negative gradient model of SMA volume fraction. Considering the internal force of composite laminates composed of the pre-strain recovery force of SMA and the thermal expansion force of the substrate, the free vibration equation of composite laminates with additional internal forces energy is derived from first-order shear plate theory and Hamilton principle. The influence of coupling gradient parameters on the thermal modal performance of SMA composite laminates is analyzed and verified by experiments. The proposed anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient SMA wires’ distribution form effectively exerts the recovery stress generated by SMA tensile pre-strain, i.e., effectively improves the stiffness and critical buckling temperature. Coupling gradient distribution broadens the frequency modulation range, which makes the fine regulation of the natural frequency and critical buckling temperature feasible.
Highlights
Shape memory alloys (SMA) are a part of the most attractive smart materials, which possess several excellent unique attributes of shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PE) [1,2,3]
As an elemental component commonly used in diverse fields, composite laminates are exposed to a complex temperature environment, which regulates the potential capability of SMA wires that can be employed to adjust the dynamic behavior
The correlation between material structural parameters and modal properties of the composite laminates is analyzed by numerical calculation of the eigenvalue equation and verified by experiments
Summary
Shape memory alloys (SMA) are a part of the most attractive smart materials, which possess several excellent unique attributes of shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PE) [1,2,3]. Xue et al [27] presented the macroscopic constitutive model of FG-SMA to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of FG-SMA beams that were composed of elastic materials and SMA under pure bending This led the authors to conclude that FG-SMA can effectively reduce maximum stress, thereby preventing damage brought about by excessive stress. The innovation of this research is tantamount to put forward a new composite laminates embedded with pre-strained SMA wires that are distributed in anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient form. An anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient model and composite laminate additional internal forces are proposed, and dynamics formulation and frequency equation are derived from a Hamilton principle and energy method. Through anti-symmetric oblique coupling gradient distribution of wires orientation and volume fraction of SMA, the influence of SMA distribution on vibration behavior of composite laminates is under discussion. SMAprovides wires. a new design idea for suppressing resonance of composite laminates with SMA wires
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