Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are extremely sensitive to their temperature and therefore, require a battery thermal management system (BTMS). BTMS is commonly employed to prevent thermal runaway of the LIB pack by controlling their operating temperature. This review paper provides various cooling strategies, including active and passive approaches, utilized in BTMSs. Air-cooled, liquid-based, and PCM-cooled techniques are first reviewed. This article presents an assessment of the application of nanofluids and nano-phase change materials (nano-PCMs) in BTMSs to improve heat dissipation from the LIB pack. This work emphasizes the utilization of these materials to intensify their thermal conductivity and suggests further investigations on their application in BTMSs.

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