Thermal management lithium-ion battery for electric vehicles with using cold plate

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are widely employed as the primary energy storage solution for electric vehicles (EVs). Effective thermal management of these batteries within EVs is important to ensure their safety, optimal performance, and longevity. Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to fluctuations in temperature, and if not managed correctly, these temperature variations can lead to issues like overheating, reduced efficiency, and even safety risks. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a cooling method for a prismatic NMC battery used in electric vehicles. It emphasizes the significance of maintaining the battery's temperature within a specific range, typically between 15 °C and 35 °C, to prevent capacity loss and extend the battery's life. The design of the minichannel cold plate allows for precise thermal control with the 7 °C temperature difference. It efficiently absorbs heat generated during battery operation and releases it, preventing the battery from reaching undesirable temperature levels. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of optimizing the contact area between the coolant and the battery stack for superior performance of the liquid cooling system. At higher discharge rates of the battery, a greater flow rate is required to achieve efficient cooling, with certain limitations due to the cooling system's efficiency. Overall, the study highlights the advantages of employing a liquid cooling system for proficient temperature regulation and effective heat dissipation in battery stacks for EVs.