Thermal insulation refractory materials and products (review)

Abstract

A literature review of manufacturing technologies, properties, and applications of thermal insulation refractory materials and products was carried out. It was shown that thermal insulation refractory materials are relevant for modern industry and science, as they contribute to solving many problems related to improving the efficiency, safety, and ecology of various technological processes. They are a promising object of research and development, as they are constantly being adapted to different operating conditions. Various methods of porosization (swelling (foaming); evaporation or burning of the pore­forming agent; loose packing; contact monolithization; bulk monolithization; and creation of combined structures) were shown to produce lightweight insulating refractories. A separate part of the review was devoted to fiber refractory materials and products as the most modern and relevant materials. The technologies for obtaining both refractory glass fibers and polycrystalline fibers, their properties, and applications were described. Based on the literature review on the classification, manufacturing technologies, and applications of thermal insulation refractory materials and products, the main directions of further research in the field of refractory fiber thermal insulation were identified.