Abstract
Herein, we developed a simple and feasible strategy to introduce blast furnace slag (SL) an industrial waste into phenolic resin, and then synthesized a lightweight and thermal insulating carbon-slag composite foam via polyurethane (PU) foam template method followed by carbonization at 1000 °C. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) and complex permittivity and permeability of carbon-slag composite foams were measured in the X band (8.2–12.4 GHz) frequency range. A maximum EMI shielding of 48.9 dB was achieved for carbon foam (CF) with 20% slag inclusions (CF-20SL) at only 2 mm thickness. It can be extensively seen that the absorption of CF-20SL was increased by 3 times compared with neat CF. The improved absorption can be attributed to high dielectric and magnetic losses and interfacial polarization in carbon-slag composite foams. Moreover, the synergistic effect of carbon and slag not only increases the EMI shielding properties but also enhances the thermal insulation, thermal stability, and flame retardancy of carbon-slag composites foam. The resultant composites foam (CF-20SL) exhibited the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/m.K and excellent thermal stability up to 500 °C in an oxidative environment. All the results indicated that such kind of carbon-slag composite foam is expected to be used in next-generation lightweight EMI shielding and thermal insulating material in defense and aerospace applications.
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