Abstract
Physical model testing can replicate the deformation process of landslide stabilizing piles and analyze the pile-landslide interaction with multiple field information, thoroughly demonstrating its deformation and failure mechanism. In this paper, an integrated monitoring system was introduced. The instrumentation used included soil pressure cells, thermal infrared (TIR) imagery, 3D laser scanner, and digital photography. In order to precisely perform field information analysis, an index was proposed to analyze thermal infrared temperature captured by infrared thermography; the qualitative relationship among stress state and deformation as well as thermal infrared temperature is analyzed. The results indicate that the integrated monitoring system is expected to be useful for characterizing the deformation process of a pile-reinforced landslide. Difference value of TIR temperature () is a useful indicator for landslide detection, and its anomalies can be selected as a precursor to landslide deformation.
Highlights
Landslides have been widely reported all over the world, especially in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China [1,2,3,4,5]
The value of difference between maximum and minimum thermal infrared (TIR) temperature (TIRm ) for the region of interest was utilized to appreciate the temperature characteristics and identify the anomalies associated with the deformation and stress of the landslide
The results show that TIRm was able to decrease the effect of atmospheric attenuation and is promising for deformation characterization of the landslide with piles
Summary
Landslides have been widely reported all over the world, especially in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China [1,2,3,4,5]. Over 725 landslides have been stabilized with piles and other structures. The pile-landslide interaction highlights landslide evolution, which is controlled by internal and external factors and involves multi-field interaction parameters, such as stress, displacement, and temperature [6,7]. It is essential to identify the evolutionary stage to understand the deformation and failure process of a pile-reinforced landslide. The physical model test is a practical and effective method [11,12,13] to reproduce the process of landslide occurrence, characterize field information, and evaluate stability in an inherently natural way [14,15,16]. Physical model tests for pile-reinforced landslide have been developed and discussed in the literature [17,18,19]. Most studies have focused on the deformation and stress of landslides and piles, analyzing its deformation and failure mechanism [20,21,22,23,24]; in addition, the analyses of temperature evolution of landslide and piles were not deep and mature enough
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