Abstract
AbstractThermal fatigue under multiaxial stresses has been investigated. Circular cylindrical specimens were tested under thermal fatigue which was in‐phase with axial mechanical fatigue loading. The axial forces on the specimens were varied throughout the test programme, but all the temperature cycles were identical, so various biaxial stress and strain ratios were obtained. Straight thermal fatigue cracks occurred in different directions and also net‐like crazes in various patterns were observed on the surfaces of the specimens. The transient temperature, stress and strain fields have been calculated with a thermal elasto‐plastic Finite Element Method. Comparing test results with calculations, it appears that the patterns of thermal fatigue cracks are dependent on the stress state and the plastic strain state, not on the strain state. The direction of cracks is perpendicular to the maximum principal stress and the maximum plastic strain. Net‐like thermal fatigue crazes will occur when one principal stress is about the same as the other one and one plastic strain component is approximately equal to another.
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