Abstract
The solar photovoltaic-thermal energy, it is a combination of Photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal components integrated into one system and enables to generate electricity and heat simultaneously. The solar chimney can generate air flow through the living space of the building to provide cooling. Hence, there is a greater interest to study the mixed convection in the hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal chimney integrated into buildings for natural room ventilation for thermal comfort. The thermal efficiency has been studied by analysing numerically the mixed convection in the hybrid photovoltaic-thermal chimney integrated into the building in the present paper. The stream fucntion-vorticity formulation with a finite difference numerical discretization solution scheme have been adopted. The system of algebraic governing equations is solved by Thomas algorithm method. The aim of the present paper is to study and to predict the dynamic fields and particularly of the mass flow rate of the air thermosiphon drawing in the hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal chimney integrated into a building for passive cooling in the room. The effects of the governing parameters, particularly Grashof number (10<sup>3</sup> ≤ Gr ≤ 10<sup>6</sup>), that depends of the solar radiation intensity in the region, the mass flow rate of the inlet fresh air (0.001 Kg.s<sup>-1</sup> ≤ D<sub>m</sub> ≤ 0.3Kg.s<sup>-1</sup>), the integrated chimney width on fluid flow and the heat transfer characteristics are studied in detail. Passive cooling and the electrical efficiency of the PV solar cells are increasing function of the intensity of the inlet air flow. Due to the possible reduction of cooling loads with the insertion of the photovoltaic cells plate into the chimney integrated into the building. The numerical simulation has been conducted to determine heat transfer, mass flow rate trough the chimney exit, solar cells PV efficiency and the effect of design parameters of the room and the integrated hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal chimney to make the bioclimatic building energy autonomy. The outlet velocity, streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number along the active walls, and the mass flow rate are plotted versus the above controlling parameters.
Highlights
The building sector is responsible for nearly 40% of national energy consumption and 25% of greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries [1]
Natural ventilation caused by the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the building envelopes is commonly used for cooling and air conditioning
The aim of the present paper is to study numerically a mixed convection problem in a vertical ventilated and heated hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal chimney integrated into a building
Summary
The building sector is responsible for nearly 40% of national energy consumption and 25% of greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries [1]. Heating, cooling and air conditioning are parts of the major energy consumption in a building. Significant strides have been made which resulted in the development of alternatives for building air conditioning systems and technologies. Natural ventilation caused by the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the building envelopes is commonly used for cooling and air conditioning. The use of innovative technology, including renewable energy and ventilation of a building is a simple, cheap, and energy saving method of achieving acceptable thermal comfort and indoor air quality for occupants. Wind towers, Trombe walls and solar chimneys are the main natural ventilation techniques [2]
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