Abstract
The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species. An evaluation of A. pisum’s demographic parameters and growth was carried out after rearing aphids on faba bean plants (Vicia faba) under five different temperature conditions (10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C). We analyzed the raw life history data, including developmental time, survival, longevity and reproduction, using an age-stage, two-sex life table to consider variable developmental rates among individuals. The population fluctuation of A. pisum determined the stage-specific population structure and potential population growth under different temperature conditions. A. pisum individuals developed successfully from nymphs to adults at all temperatures in this study. The developmental rate of A. pisum increased as the temperature increased. Our results indicated that A. pisum showed a higher pre-adult mortality, lower total fecundity and a negative intrinsic rate of increase at 30 °C. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (0.30) and finite rate of increase (1.35) were observed at 25 °C. Comparisons of population parameters and their analytical methods between different A. pisum populations from other geographic areas are also discussed.
Highlights
The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species whose life cycle varies depending on geographic location [1]
There was a significant difference among the total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) under the different temperature conditions, and the TPOP decreased from 26.4 d at 10 ◦ C to 8.1 d at 25 ◦ C, and 10.5 d at 30 ◦ C
This study shows that adult aphids were able to produce new nymphs at 30 ◦ C, the number of offspring was lower than that seen under our other temperature conditions
Summary
The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species whose life cycle varies depending on geographic location [1]. Pea aphids can transmit plant viruses, such as pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV), bean leafroll virus, bean yellow mosaic virus and soybean dwarf virus (SbDV), which can impede the cultivation of crops like Vicia faba and Pisum sativum and cause economic losses [4,5,6,7]. Aphids are one of the most important pests of numerous agricultural crops worldwide, and have a high reproductive capacity coupled with rapid life stage conversion. Their rates of development, survival, longevity and reproduction depend on biotic (e.g., host plants) and abiotic factors (e.g., temperature, humidity and photoperiod). Temperature is a notable abiotic factor that facilitates the development and fecundity
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