Thermal decomposition of polyimides containing phosphine-oxide units

Abstract

This work details analyses of the thermal decomposition behaviour of three phosphine-oxide containing aromatic processable polyimides. The polymers exhibited high thermal stability with initial decomposition temperatures in the range of 473–483 °C and a char residue at 900°C in the domain of 48.58–58.38%. The values of non–isothermal decomposition kinetic parameters were determined using the Friedman isoconversional method, as recommended by the Kinetics Committee of the International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC). The data evidenced a complex decomposition process of the main chain, being probably initiated by the cleavage of the weaker PC bonds, followed by the decomposition of the macromolecular backbone. The volatile products formed during the thermal decomposition of polyimides were analysed by TGA-FTIR. All spectra evidenced peaks associated with water, CO2, CO and aliphatic and aromatic decomposition products predominant from 500° to 800 °C. By using Py-GC–MS studies the fragments originating from the thermal decomposition of the polyimides up to 600 °C were identified. Based on these data, it was suggested that the thermal decomposition pathways of the three polyimides undergoes the same mechanism. Additionally, an oversimplified decomposition mechanism for the polyimides was proposed. The morphology of the char residue obtained after TGA experiments showed a continuous and dense structure. The EDX mapping identified the C, N, O and P atoms uniformly dispersed in the residual char surface.