Thermal cycles and their effects during friction stir welding of AA7075 thicker plates with and without in‐process cooling

Abstract

AbstractFriction stir welding of AA 7075 plates in three different thicknesses such as 10, 16 and 25 mm at natural convection condition was carried out successfully without defects. Water cooled friction stir welds were also produced on 16 mm thick plates. The thermal cycles at different locations of the plate, during the friction stir welding process, were predicted using a three‐dimensional thermal model. Mechanical properties of the welds were evaluated using tensile and hardness tests. Weld microstructures were also examined with optical and transmission electron microscopes. The weld hardness values and tensile properties were found to decrease with increase in plate thickness. The use of water cooling was found to improve the weld properties to some extent, although not to the level of base metal. The reasons for this behavior are discussed, correlating thermal cycles, mechanical properties, fracture locations and precipitate morphology.