Thermal conductivity and acoustical investigation of SnO2 nanofluids using ultrasonic velocity measurements

Abstract

In the current work, tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are being synthesized by sol–gel method by varying reaction parameter such as ammonia feed rate. The synthesized NPs have also characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and UV–visible spectroscopy. SnO2 nanofluid is being prepared by using of synthesized nanoparticles with the base fluid as water along with the help of sonication. The ultrasonic velocity and density values are being measured in five different concentrations of SnO2 nanofluids at different temperatures ranging from 298.15 K to 323.15 K.The thermal conductivity values were evaluated from the experimental data. The intermolecular interactions responsible for the changes in thermal conductivity with respect to the concentration and the temperature have also been conferred and the thermal conductivities of nanofluids were also calculated through the ultrasonic methodology and the results have also been compared with the flash laser method, derived experimentally.