Thermal comfort of older people during summer in the continental Mediterranean climate

Abstract

Globally, the population is ageing and extreme weather scenarios are expected, especially in southern European countries. In this context, the study assessed the thermal comfort of older people in five nursing homes in a continental Mediterranean climate in Spain during summer, through environmental measurements and surveys on site. A total of 1412 people were interviewed, including residents (older people) and non-residents (adults). The results showed that under the same environmental conditions, adults felt that the environment was warmer and they were less tolerant than older people. There was a 2.4 °C difference between the neutral temperature of older people (25.6 °C) and adults (23.2 °C). Older people were less sensitive to thermal changes and their comfort zone was wider than that of adults. The comparison with similar studies from other climatic zones concluded that the neutral temperature for elderly in different climatic zones is similar but the thermal comfort zones are different. Older people were less sensitive to temperature changes than the predicted mean vote (PMV) model predicted. Therefore, this model would not be suitable for older people in cooling conditions in the Mediterranean continental climate. These results could be a starting point for the development of more accurate, healthy indoor spaces that meet the needs of older people as a vulnerable group, while improving energy efficiency and reducing emissions.